XIII century

Philip Augustus grants safe conduct within France to merchants going to and from the Champagne fairs, and the Counts keep a police of their own, the Guards of the Fair

Meat stalls are first documented on the Pla de la Boqueria, on the Rambla outside the Barcelona walls

Ashford Castle is built by the de Burgos; the Guinness family holds it from 1852 and it becomes a hotel in 1939

The yam takes hold as a post station a day’s ride apart, where a courier is owed horses and a bed by law rather than by trade — some three hundred of them, outlasting every imperial hotel in this register